The formula essentially figures out the amount of force exerted by you through your leg times the pedal ratio divided by the area of the brake piston(s). This is the mechanical advantage of the lever or in simpler terms, the “pedal ratio.” There is a mathematical equation that helps you figure it out: Input Force X Pedal Ratio / Brake Piston Area = PSI If the length of the pedal or the distance between the pushrod mount–or a combination of both–is changed, then there is a change in the amount of (leg) force required to energize the brake master cylinder. You’ll find that the pivot point (where the pedal swivels) and the mounting point for the master cylinder pushrod are often rather different. The master cylinder, in turn, forces fluid to the disc brake caliper pistons or drum brake wheel cylinders. The brake pedal acts as a lever to increase the force the driver applies to the master cylinder. When it comes to reworking the brakes on your car, two things seldom come into consideration: your master cylinder and pedal ratio. And those are two factors that are absolutely critical to your brake system performance.
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